The most important part of a car is the brakes. The braking system is used to ensure the safety of a moving car. Uneven surfaces to stop a car abruptly to reduce acceleration Landslide The driver uses the brakes to park on the hill. The brake system is an integral part of the car chassis.
The brake system includes service brake, Parking brake Includes auxiliary brakes. Service brakes are a system in which the driver controls the right foot with the right foot. Service brakes include hydraulic brakes and pneumatic brakes. The latest high-tech cars are equipped with automatic emergency brakes that even the driver does not have to do.
This week I want to introduce the basics of hydraulics. The most common type of brake fluid used in passenger cars is the hydraulic brake system. Today’s cars even use a better ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) brake system.
The main components of a hydraulic brake system are:
(1) Brake Master Cylinder
(2) Brake Booster (Servo Unit)
(3) Propotioning Valve (also called P-valve)
(4) Drum Brake (mostly used on rear wheels)
(5) Disc Brake (used on front wheels)
The basic concept of hydraulic braking system and how it works is simple. When the driver presses the brake pedal with the foot when needed, the Brake Booster increases the pedal force according to the Pascal law. Modern cars that did not have servo brakes required large amounts of braking force produced by the driver’s foot. A servo unit is a system that uses global air pressure to increase pedaling force. The driver just put his foot down. There are many forces that push the master cylinder.
A servo is a system that works with a vacuum. In gasoline-powered cars, the air pump is connected to a pipe from the engine intake manifold to create a vacuum. In diesel cars, the vacuum pump pumps air into the vacuum. A vacuum pump is usually attached to the dynamo.
When you open the servo unit, you will find a large sheet of rubber called a diaphragm (about the size of a dinner plate). The difference in external pressure (global pressure) and the difference in vacuum pressure inside the intake manifold causes the pressure on the diaphragm to multiply according to the principle of Pascal’s law. The servo can increase the force applied by the brake pedal and push the master hive with great force.
The master cylinder has two pistons and is equipped with rubber washers. When the brakes are applied, the lever pushes the servo unit, pushing the piston out of the master hive with increasing force. The two piston-mounted pistons supply brake fluid through the brake pipes to the “P” valve. The “P” Vernon transmits the brake fluid to the front two left / right disc brakes and the two rear wheel drum brakes. The brake fluid pressure coming through the oil line activates the disc brakes and drum brakes.
Due to the brake pressure, two disc brake pads are applied to the disc brake, causing friction and braking to slow down or stop the front wheel rotation. In the case of drum brakes, the two halves of the brake pads are pushed by two pistons on the wheel cylinder, which drive sideways, rubbing the brake surface with the brake liner. The brake pads on the disc brakes are attached to the refractory fiber plate and the brakes are applied by clamping the disc. The brake is applied to the surface of the rotating wheel (disc-drum) with a high friction brake liner. When the brakes are applied, the brake drum and disc hive become hot. Braking converts kinetic energy into heat energy. As a result, the car’s brakes are stuck and the temperature may rise and the odors may be released.
Dise brakes are better than drum brakes. Disc brakes are better for cooling because of the greater contact with the cooling fan. In modern cars, disc brakes are used instead of drum brakes on the rear wheels. The brake is less damaged and the maintenance cost is lower. When applying the brakes in a car, the force applied to the front two wheels is different from the force applied to the two rear wheels. The front wheels carry more weight, resulting in better braking force. You need more brake fluid. But the pressure on the brake fluid pushed out by the master brake pads is all the same. If the brakes were applied with the same braking force, the rear wheels, The front wheels kept moving even when the lock was dead. The rear wheels are not locked properly. The rear of the car can sway to one side and collide with a car approaching. “P” Valve solves this problem. The “P” valve automatically reduces the hydraulic oil pressure transmitted to both rear wheels.
A major problem with hydraulic brakes is that the brakes fail and the brakes fail. Brake washer (rubber washer ring) can not push oil. Leakage from brake fluid joints; Brake smoothing; Brake failure Brake hose leaks; The brakes are stuck. When you apply the brakes, you sound like crazy. The brakes are too tight. The servo unit is not working and the brakes are not working properly. When the brakes are applied, the car pulls to one side; Eating half of the brake drum; Strips and waves on the surface of the disc brake pads. Brake hose leaks; Brake failure is one of the most common causes of leaks.
It is important to have good brakes in a car. It is also important to apply the brakes evenly. The brakes are often used while driving. There is a lot of corrosion. Check the brake system immediately for any unusual symptoms. Check the brake fluid level in the master oil tank. Check often. If you find a leak, check for leaks. The wheel cylinder tends to leak oil over time using the brake washer rings. Check all four wheel cylinders. Also check the brake linings at the same time. On the inner surface of the brake drum, the surface of the brake pads is often rubbed with linen and the surface is uneven. The inside of the drum surface is adjusted by machining the seat. Back Plate Seats can be slippery. Please check again.
Do not use the brake pad liner on the disc brake until the plate is exposed. Replace the brake pads with new ones. Check the brake system every 6 months. (Commercial vehicles only) Private cars are rarely used. Check once a year. If there is a problem, fix it immediately. Never mix brake fluid with water. The whole brake system is scared of water. Mixed brake fluid is dangerous. Use only foreign brake fluid. The brakes can also be jammed. The brakes are jammed and the brakes are stuck. Brake service required. The braking system is important to avoid the dangers to keep a car safe. If the brakes are leaking and the oil leaks, you can close the leaking wheel and drive it to the garage.